Critical Care Evidence Updates – February 2025

Randomised Controlled Trials

A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of IL-7 in critically ill COVID-19 patients  JCI Insight

Acetylsalicylic Acid Treatment in Patients With Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Phase 2, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial  Critical Care Medicine

Can nebulised heparin reduce acute lung injury in patients with SARS‑CoV‑2 requiring advanced respiratory support in Ireland: the CHARTER‑Ireland phase Ib/IIa, randomised, parallel-group, open-label study  Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Combined use of respiratory multiplex PCR and procalcitonin to reduce antibiotic exposure in sickle-cell adult patients with acute chest syndrome (The ANTIBIO-STA study): a randomised, controlled, open-label trial  The Lancet Regional Health

Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Hyperglycemia in Critically Ill Patients – A Randomized Controlled Trial  Chest

Dexmedetomidine to Reduce Vasopressor Resistance in Refractory Septic Shock: α2 Agonist Dexmedetomidine for REfractory Septic Shock (ADRESS): A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial  Critical Care Medicine

Discussing expected long-term quality of life in the ICU: effect on experiences and outcomes of patients, family, and clinicians—a randomized clinical trial  Intensive Care Medicine

Effect of an intensive care unit virtual reality intervention on relatives´ mental health distress: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial  Critical Care

Efficacy and safety of esketamine for emergency endotracheal intubation in ICU patients: a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial  Scientific Reports

Efficacy and safety of nerinetide in acute ischaemic stroke in patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy without previous thrombolysis (ESCAPE-NEXT): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial  The Lancet

Impact of non-invasive ventilation before and after cardiac surgery for preventing cardiac and pulmonary complications: a clinical randomized trial  Chest

INHALE WP3, a multicentre, open-label, pragmatic randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of rapid, ICU-based, syndromic PCR, versus standard-of-care on antibiotic stewardship and clinical outcomes in hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia  Intensive Care Medicine

Intubating conditions during rapid sequence induction with either rocuronium or suxamethonium in elderly patients. A randomised study  Anesthesiologica Scandinavica

Liberal versus restrictive transfusion strategies in subarachnoid hemorrhage: a secondary analysis of the TRAIN study  Critical Care

Low versus high peripheral oxygen saturation directed oxygen therapy in critically ill patients: a multicenter randomized controlled trial  MedComm

Microcirculation properties of 20 % albumin in sepsis; a randomised controlled trial  Journal of Critical Care

Modified Cuff Leak Test for Predicting the Risk of Reintubation in Patients with Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial  Chest

Normobaric hyperoxia combined with endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke in China (OPENS-2 trial): a multicentre, randomised, single-blind, sham-controlled trial  The Lancet

Normosol-R versus Lactated Ringers in the Critically Ill: A Randomized Trial  Chest

Prognosis of refractory cardiogenic shock in de-novo versus acute-on-chronic heart failure: Insights from the HYPO-ECMO trial  Journal of Critical Care

Propranolol As an Anxiolytic to Reduce the Use of Sedatives for Critically Ill Adults Receiving Mechanical Ventilation (PROACTIVE): An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial  Critical Care Medicine

Securing Jugular Central Venous Catheters With Dressings Fixed to a Liquid Adhesive to Prevent Dressing Failure in Intensive Care Patients (the STICKY Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial  Critical Care Medicine

Simvastatin and Rifaximin in Decompensated Cirrhosis – A Randomized Clinical Trial  JAMA

The Efficacy and Safety of Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodiafiltration With High Cutoff Membrane Versus High Flux Membrane in Septic Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized Controlled Study  Artificial Organs

 

Other Guidance/Reports

2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines  Circulation

A Focused Update to the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Anxiety, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption in Adult Patients in the ICU  Critical Care Medicine

Emergency critical care – life-saving critical care before ICU admission: A consensus statement of a Group of European Experts  Journal of Critical Care

Environmental Sustainability in ICUs: A Report From the Society of Critical Care Medicine Sustainability Task Force  Critical Care Medicine

ESICM consensus-based recommendations for the management of very old patients in intensive care  Intensive Care Medicine

Evolution of Critical Care Cardiology: An Update on Structure, Care Delivery, Training, and Research Paradigms: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association  Circulation

Executive Summary of a Focused Update to the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Anxiety, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption in Adult Patients in the ICU  Critical Care Medicine

Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM  The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Handoffs and transitions of care in the intensive care unit: an American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee clinical consensus document  Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open

ORCHESTRA Delphi Consensus: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients  Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines for the Treatment of Heat Stroke  Critical Care Medicine

Society of Critical Care Medicine 2024 Guidelines on Adult ICU Design  Critical Care Medicine

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Adult Critical Care Ultrasonography: Focused Update 2024  Critical Care Medicine

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Family-Centered Care for Adult ICUs: 2024  Critical Care Medicine

The Definition of the Intensivist in the Era of Global Healthcare: 2024 Consensus Statement From the Society of Critical Care Medicine Defining Intensivist Task Force  Critical Care Medicine

The Diagnostic Utility of Host RNA Biosignatures in Adult Patients With Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  Critical Care Explorations

The green ICU: how to interpret green? A multiple perspective approach Critical Care

 

Primary Research

[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT identifies infectious and inflammatory foci in persistent critical illness  Annals of Intensive Care

A Rapid-Cycle Intervention to Enhance Patient and Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit  Critical Care Nurse

Ableism After Critical Illness: A Qualitative Translation of Key Concepts to the Post-ICU Context  Critical Care Medicine

A Case Series Study of Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in Patients with Intracranial Pathologies and Acute Respiratory Failure  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

A Combined Model of Vital Signs and Serum Biomarkers Outperforms Shock Index in the Prediction of Hemorrhage Control Interventions in Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Ambulation Protocol for Adult Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Quality Improvement Initiative  Critical Care Nurse

An index of the initial blood pressure response to angiotensin II treatment and its association with clinical outcomes in vasodilatory shock  Critical Care

Anticoagulation Monitoring Strategies During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Therapy – Differences Between Simultaneously Obtained Coagulation Tests: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Are contemporary antifungal doses sufficient for critically ill patients? Outcomes from an international, multicenter pharmacokinetics study for Screening Antifungal Exposure in Intensive Care Units—the SAFE-ICU study  Intensive Care Medicine

Association between the initiation of loop diuretics and changes in 2-hour creatinine clearance in critically ill patients  Renal Failure

Association between the triglyceride–glucose index and the risk of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study  Journal of Intensive Care

Association Between Type of Immunosuppression and the Incidence, Microbiology, and Outcomes of Bacterial Ventilator-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Retrospective Multicenter Study  Critical Care Medicine

Association of Electrocardiographic Patterns After Successfully Resuscitated Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest With Significant Coronary Lesions and Mortality—A Predefined Angiography After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation (TOMAHAWK) Trial  Critical Care Medicine

Association of Hypocalcemia and Mean Arterial Pressure With Patient Outcome in ICU  Critical Care Medicine

Association of Number of Oral bacteria with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Delirium in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Association of Omega-3 Status With Long-Term Risk of Hospitalization for Sepsis  Critical Care Medicine

Clinical subtypes in critically ill patients with sepsis: validation and parsimonious classifier model development  Critical Care

Comparative Bleeding Risk in Older Patients With HIV and Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Oral Anticoagulants  JAMA Internal Medicine

Cystatin C-Guided Dosing Nomogram Improves Target Attainment for Cefepime in the Critically Ill  Critical Care Medicine

Early sepsis recognition: a pilot study using a rapid high-multiplex host-response mRNA diagnostic test  Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Effect of early and later prone positioning on outcomes in invasively ventilated COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: analysis of the prospective COVID-19 critical care consortium cohort study  Annals of Intensive Care

Effectiveness of bundle of care on tolerance of awake-prone positioning in patients with acute respiratory failure. A multicenter observational study  Intensive Care Medicine

Epidemiological trends of mechanically ventilated acute respiratory distress syndrome in the twenty-first century: a nationwide, population-based retrospective study  Journal of Intensive Care

Escalation of Oxygenation Modalities and Mortality in Critically Ill Immunocompromised Patient With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Clustering Analysis of a Prospectively Multicenter, Multinational Dataset  Critical Care Medicine

External validation and comparative performance of the SLANT score for neuroprognostication in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors undergoing targeted temperature management: insights from an Asian cohort  Journal of Intensive Care

Hearing loss assessment by pure tone audiometry amongst the survivors of intensive care unit: A prospective observational cohort study  Journal of Critical Care

How Long Should Patients Be Treated With Postcardiotomy Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation? Individual Patient Data Pooled Analysis  Critical Care Medicine

Impact of Sepsis Onset Timing on All-Cause Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Improved intensive care lighting and staff wellbeing: A pilot feasibility service evaluation  Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Improving Communication and Workflow Among Advanced Practice Providers and Nurses on Night Shift in an Intensive Care Unit  Critical Care Nurse

Improving the efficiency of sevoflurane delivery during general anaesthesia by educating and motivating anaesthetists to utilise the Volatile Efficiency Ratio  Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

Lactated Ringer’s or Normal Saline for Initial Fluid Resuscitation in Sepsis-Induced Hypotension  Critical Care Medicine

Mean arterial pressure targets in intensive care unit patients receiving noradrenaline: An international survey  Critical Care and Resuscitation

Mechanical power is not associated with mortality in COVID-19 mechanically ventilated patients  Annals of Intensive Care

Persistent severe acute kidney injury is a major modifiable determinant of outcome during critical illness  Intensive Care Medicine

Phenotypes of Functional Decline or Recovery in Sepsis ICU Survivors: Insights From a 1-Year Follow-Up Multicenter Cohort Analysis  Critical Care Medicine

Predicting multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in trauma-induced sepsis: Nomogram and machine learning approaches  Journal of Intensive Medicine

Prediction of Intensive Care Length of Stay for Surviving and Nonsurviving Patients Using Deep Learning  Critical Care Medicine

Prognostic Impact of Early Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Nosocomial Pneumonia Due to Gram-Negative Pathogens: A Multicenter Cohort Study  Critical Care Medicine

Prone Positioning in a Pregnant Woman With Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report  Critical Care Nurse

Postoperative sepsis and its sequential impact on dementia  Critical Care

Relationship between skin microvascular blood flow and capillary refill time in critically ill patients  Critical Care

Relationship Between the Prognostic Nutritional index and Short-Term Prognosis among Patients with Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia: A Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Renal impairment and in-hospital adverse renal events in critically ill patients assessed by age-adapted estimated glomerular filtration rate criteria  Renal Failure

Serum chloride concentration and outcomes in adults receiving intravenous fluid therapy with a balanced crystalloid solution or 0.9% sodium chloride  Intensive Care Medicine

Teicoplanin pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients on extracorporeal organ support: a retrospective analysis  Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

The Association Between Body Mass Index and Mortality Mediated by Medical and Mechanical Complications in Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation  Critical Care Medicine

The effect of therapeutic plasma exchange on the inflammatory response in septic shock: a secondary analysis of the EXCHANGE-1 trial  Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

The trajectory of sleep after critical illness: a 24-month follow-up study  Annals of Intensive Care

The triglyceride-glucose index and acute kidney injury risk in critically ill patients with coronary artery disease  Renal Failure

The Use of Direct Current Cardioversion for Unstable Atrial Fibrillation with Rapid Ventricular Response in Critically ill Patients – a Propensity Score Analysis  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Time to positivity as a predictor of catheter-related bacteremia and mortality in adults with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection  Critical Care

Trendelenburg position is a reasonable alternative to passive leg raising for predicting volume responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU  Critical Care

Unrecognised drug error and subsequent airway management utilising ultrasound-guided cricothyroidotomy and Rapid-O2® oxygen insufflation  Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

Ventilation practices in acute brain injured patients and association with outcomes: the VENTIBRAIN multicenter observational study  Intensive Care Medicine

Volume–outcome relationships for tracheostomies in Australia and New Zealand Intensive Care Units: A registry-based retrospective study  Critical Care and Resuscitation

 

Metadata

Summary author: Rebecca Howes @ClinicalLibsPHU
Summary date:
Picture by: Ehimetalor Akhere Unuabona on Unsplash